When Denver Police Use Confidential Informants: How the Defense Challenges Reliability
September 12, 2026
Hate crime enhancements allow Colorado prosecutors to increase criminal penalties. A misdemeanor assault could become a felony with years in prison if bias motivation is proven. These enhancements don’t require explicit hatred; prosecutors just need to show that prejudice based on protected characteristics played a role.
At the Law Office of Jacob Martinez, our Denver criminal defense attorneys defend clients statewide, challenging subjective or ambiguous evidence. Many alleged “proofs” of bias have reasonable alternative explanations.
What Are Colorado Hate Crime[...]There are many subtle ways that people express bias every day. That’s why in many Colorado court cases, bias is hard to prove.
It can be as simple as providing someone slower service or choosing to hire someone else for no real reason. However, in some cases, bias is a little more obvious. Take a recent Colorado hate crime, for example.
A white man stabbed a Black man in the neck in a fast food restaurant unprovoked. When asked why [...]
Crimes are committed every day for a variety of reasons, but there is a special category of crimes called hate crimes that are classified as being motivated by specific personal biases and can have serious repercussions for the accused.
In Colorado, there are a couple of hate crimes that have made waves lately. The first was an assault on a Sikh business owner in Jefferson County who was told to “go back to your own country” before being struck by [...]
As the country seemingly continues to spin out in the wake of a confusing world-wide pandemic in a myriad of ways, Colorado’s recent history with bias-motivated crimes is garnering ever-increasing attention locally.
Late last year, in fact, the Denver Post reported that hate crimes in Colorado had seen a 16 percent uptick, even though the nation as a whole was seeing hate crime numbers decrease.
Now, amidst the coronavirus pandemic, the Post has recently highlighted that state lawmakers are seeing [...]
We can all admit that tensions in our country are high right now. No matter who you voted for or what you look like, it’s hard to turn a blind eye to the rising levels of violence through both large-scale and short-scale incidents.
Unfortunately, Colorado has the numbers to prove that hate crimes and other forms of violence are truly more prevalent than in the past.
Data from Colorado law enforcement shows that reports of hate crimes doubled from 2017 [...]
A confidential informant almost never speaks to the judge who signs the warrant. Instead, the judge reads a detective’s sworn summary of what an unnamed person allegedly said. That gap can become one of the most important issues in a Denver drug, weapons, theft, or other criminal case.
The defense does not cross-examine the informant when the warrant is issued. At that stage, the focus is on the affidavit itself: what the informant allegedly knew, how police verified the information, [...]
Colorado fentanyl possession charges can become serious felonies at relatively low weight thresholds. The law focuses on the weight of the material, compound, mixture, or preparation containing fentanyl rather than only the amount of pure fentanyl inside it. That means a small-looking quantity of powder or counterfeit pills can result in a much more serious charge once the substance is tested and weighed.
Weight is only part of the case. What the accused person knew, whether the state can prove [...]
Colorado COCCA charges are racketeering charges used when prosecutors claim a person participated in an enterprise through a pattern of criminal activity. These cases often grow out of drug, theft, burglary, fraud, identity theft, or financial investigations that are later reframed as organized conduct.
A COCCA count is not automatic just because several people were charged together or because prosecutors believe more than one crime occurred. The state must prove specific structural elements, including an enterprise and a pattern of [...]